Fast Track Farming

Courtesy of Wally S., Wally’s Urban Market Garden, Saskatoon, SK
It’s the time of year when I get inundated with URGENT!!! messages from those who are suddenly motivated to begin their farming careers this season. While planning is the hallmark of SPIN-Farming, I can’t resist a challenge. How do you fast track farm startup? Well, you need to know the difference between mission critical and distractions. Distractions are double digging, high tunnels, and designer rain catchment systems. Below is the information I’m requesting of a late starting first year SPIN farmer in
Ottawa ON to get him focused on what is mission critical.

  • What is the current size of land base you plan on putting into production.
  • Is the land ready to plant?
  • Do you have access to water?
  • Do you have/have access to a rototiller?
  • Do you have garden tools and a seeder?
  • Do you live in the city, or on the outskirts?
  • Describe your ” home base.”
  • Do you have post harvest cooling capacity?
  • Can you get potato seed/onion sets/garlic quickly?
  • Where will you be selling? A farmers market?
  • Have you considered restaurant sales for crops such as pea greens/sunflower greens?
  • Have you considered indoor tray production of pea/micro greens?

Note: if you want to get into the game really quickly this season, Quick Greens (Dig Deeper guide 3) and indoor production (Dig Deeper guide 5) explains this type of “fast track” production.

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SPIN Is Not All You Think It Is

Courtesy of John S. , Blue Ribbon Eggs, Franklin NC

I was talking with my Ag extension agent about the SPIN-Farming  program. Before I started he said, “I’ve been in Agriculture for decades, and I can tell you that it takes two things to succeed in farming. Strong management skills and strong marketing skills. If you have only one of them you’ll probably fail, if you have both of them you’re almost certain to succeed.” After our talk, he bought the SPIN-Farming books. Imagine, I made my Ag extension agent a SPIN Farmer! Why you ask? Because SPIN isn’t about growing lettuce or how many times to turn your compost pile. It’s about those management and marketing skills.

Babies, Tillers and Cooler

Courtesy of John S., Blue Ribbon Eggs, Franklin NC
Babies plus anything else. BIG change. Give yourself and Viola the opportunity to get acquainted. Her patterns will emerge. I had one that never slept and one that never woke up and one in between…hard to say. She will rule your schedule for a while. Quite a while.

Fall is a great time to buy used tillers. (“Fred get that Damn thing out of the garage-you never use it!”) My vote is for the Troy built…parts are readily available, and 8 HP is a great size to start with. Unless your super tiny yourself you should be able to handle it as well. If it’s in great shape I’d offer $300 to start and go down from there if problems are present (dirty plug, old filters, dirty oil, hard to start, heavily used and worn, bent tines). If it won’t run I’d off the scrap steel price for the weight of the thing. It can probably be repaired. I’d offer more if it was ‘cherry’ and essentially new. Can’t comment on the others as I am unfamiliar.

Taking the high road by investing in a  cooler is really important as your operation grows, as it evens out the labor load really well. But if you are starting with your own back yard,  and perhaps pick up one or two more this season, you should be able to manage your first year without one. Check the SPIN guide for low road options.

The one thing you didn’t ask about is sales and marketing at the farmers markets in your area. Perhaps you’re experienced, but if not that is really a key area to focus in on for next season. As with most things in life, there is more there than meets the eye. Signage, display, salesmanship, product demand in your market…a whole raft of possibly new skills and knowledge. I would recommend that you spend lots of market days getting acquainted with the other farmers who sell…offer to help, make friends, ask questions, learn. What stalls are you attracted to (or possibly repelled by?). Why? Who is attracting a crowd and built strong relationships with their customers? What are the various vendors
doing (or not doing) to build their business? Watch the successful ones for voice tone, facial expressions, body language and social skills…those are the ones you want to learn from.

Most of the folks in this group are outstanding growers, most of them have always had an entrepreneurial attitude, but not all have had experience in sales and marketing and so there is a learning curve. There’s always a learning curve, isn’t there? Welcome to the party!

Just Do It

Courtesy of John S., Blue Ribbon Eggs, Franklin NC
You mentioned that you’re already gardening. If that’s the case, apply SPIN principles to what you’re already doing,  and go sell some stuff.  Earn some extra income, learn the business and marketing side and build.

SPIN Farming has the lowest capital investment cost of any legitimate business I am aware of that will gross $25K+ in the first season. In terms of net, that’s up to you man, not the business model. If you follow the SPIN system you will do very well. If you’re like some of my friends (dumpster divers and all round scroungers), you’ll do extremely well.

SPIN’s Keys to Success

Courtesy of John S., Blue Ribbon Eggs, Franklin NC

I was talking with my Ag extension agent about the SPIN-Farming  program. Before I started he said, “I’ve been in Agriculture for decades, and I can tell you that it takes two things to succeed in farming. Strong management skills and strong marketing skills. If you have only one of them you’ll probably fail, if you have both of them you’re almost certain to succeed.” After our talk, he bought the SPIN-Farming books. Imagine, I made my Ag extension agent a SPIN Farmer! Why you ask? Because SPIN isn’t about growing lettuce or how many times to turn your compost pile. It’s about those management and marketing skills.

Start Small and Observe the Locals

Courtesy of John S., Blue Ribbon Eggs, Franklin NC
You’re smart to start gradually and small. Kinda like learning to play the piano – go slow. Accuracy and speed (or in our case size) will come.

The mistake I made at first (aside from excessive ambition and hence scale) was always blaming myself when things didn’t work out, until  I found out some companies sell bad seed, sometimes it’s just the wrong variety for my area or soil and sometimes the weather just ain’t right…..I’ve learned tons from the natives here and watch what they do closely. Especially other old men in bibb overalls. I have been fortunate to make friends among the locals and we share what’s worked this season or not. If you have a problem with beans or what ever, often you’ll find everyone else did too.

 

SPIN and the Nature of Work

Courtesy of Roxanne C., Co-founder, SPIN-Farming, Philadelphia PA

The rise of female farmers is a trend that has been noted in many countries. What I find more intriguing is how the concept of work is changing. People are no longer tethered  to the same career for their entire lives. And in fact, some people have simultaneous careers.

Having to have an “off-farm” job was once viewed as a shortcoming of the profession. But people are combining SPIN-style farming with other careers, and it’s not just those who are in closely aligned fields, like chefs and doctors.  Web designers, accountants, teachers, and many others are becoming farmers because it suits their ambitions. SPIN-Farming is especially adaptable and flexible that way. It presents the option of weaving farming in and out at various times throughout what is becoming a much longer working life. Farming used to be “second nature” for many. It’s becoming that way again.

 

SPIN’s Revenue Targeting Formula

Courtesy of Roxanne C., co-author, SPIN-Farming, Philadelphia, PA

SPIN’s revenue targeting formula is where all of the SPIN concepts come together. Here are the steps to apply the formula:
1) Determine the number of standard size beds in the plot.
2) Determine which beds will be intensive relayed, bi-relayed and planted to single crops.
3) Calculate the income potential of each area, based on the worth of a high-value crop Example:

A farmer couple working a 1 acre plot, with help from 1 or 2 interns
1 acre plot = 480 standard size beds
100 intensive relay beds = 100 x $300 = $30,000 gross
100 bi-relay beds = 100 x $200 = $20,000 gross
280 single crop beds = 280 x $100 = $28,000
Total Revenue Target: $78,000 gross

SPIN-Farming is an exercise in figuring out how much money you want to make, and then determining how to allocate your land base to the different areas of cropping intensity to achieve the targeted income.

SPIN’s Land Base Allocation

Courtesy of Roxanne C., co-author, SPIN-Farming, Philadelphia, PA 

SPIN-Farming is frequently regarded as an urban farming application,and its advantages there are clear. It greatly reduces the amount of land needed for commercial crop production, which makes it easily integrated into the built environment. It is also non-mechanized and organic-based, which makes it compatible with densely populated areas.

But one of SPIN’s basic concepts – land base allocation – is of benefit to all scales of farming operations. Land base allocation is an exercise in allocating your land base to three different areas of cropping intensity and using the 1-2-3 layout to plan your production. The 1 area of your farm is the least intensive and is devoted to single, lower-value crops per season like melons or squash. This area does not typically use beds. The 2 area of your farm is devoted to bi-relay crops in which 2 higher-value crops, per bed, per season, are grown sequentially. And the 3 area of your farm is where you are doing your intensive relay cropping in which 3 or more high-value crops per bed, per season, are grown sequentially. Each of these areas contribute a different amount to your total income, with the 3 high- value area obviously contributing the most. The larger your land base, the larger the 1 and 2 areas will be. The smaller your land base, the larger your 3 area will be.

With the SPIN-Farming system you determine how much money you want to make, which is your revenue target, and then determine how to use the three areas of your land base to produce that amount.

SPIN’s Definition of a High-Value Crop

Courtesy of Roxanne C., co-author, SPIN-Farming, Philadelphia, PA

The commonly accepted definition of a high-value crop is one that generates more revenue per acre than a conventional grain crop. SPIN’s definition is much more specific: a high-value crop is one that is worth $100 gross per harvest per bed. Characteristics that make a crop high-value are:

  • it matures in about 30 days or less
  • has high market demand.

Examples of high-value crops include beets, leafy greens, carrots and scallion.

High-value crops are used in SPIN relays.